Chanya-poto or melasma is a disorder of skin pigmentation. Brown patches appear on the face mainly on the cheeks and forehead. This gives an unpleasant look and consequent socio- psychological stress.
It is more common in young females and during pregnancy, but males can also be affected. Melanocytes of the skin, produce more melanin, a substance which gives more brown pigmentation to the skin. The activity of melanocytes may be increased due to genetic factors, hormones (female sex hormones), ovarian problems, sun exposure etc.
Prevention
· Avoid sun exposure as far as possible, particularly from 10am to 3pm. Use an umbrella or a broad brimmed hat, when going out in the sun. Covering the face with a scarf (made of tightly nitted cloth) is another way.
· Broad spectrum Sunscreens of SPF 30 or more are the best. They should be applied twice daily 8am and 11am on the exposed areas, mainly the face.
· If you have melasma and using any type of hormonal contraception, it is advisable to change to non hormonal contraception if possible.
· It is wise not use over the counter cosmetics, claiming removal of pigmentation.
Treatment
It consists mainly in the application of depigmenting agents, such as hydroquinone, which has various side effects, hence should be used under strict supervision of a dermatologist.
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